The classification of computers refers to grouping computers based on their size, performance, purpose, and processing capacity. Since computers are designed to handle different types of tasks, they can be categorized into various types such as basic personal devices, high-speed systems, and specialized machines. Learning about these classifications helps in understanding which type of computer is best suited for specific needs and applications.
Computers can be classified as:
- Micro Computers
- Mini Computers
- Mainframe Computers
- Super Computers
1. Micro Computers –
A microcomputer is a compact, personal computer featuring a microprocessor as its central processing unit (CPU), along with memory, and input/output (I/O) devices, all typically housed on a single printed circuit board.
They are also known as Personal Computers.
2. Mini Computers - A minicomputer is a type of mid-range computer, smaller and less expensive than a mainframe but more powerful than a personal computer. They were developed and popular in the mid-1960s for multi-user business, scientific, and educational tasks. It fills the space mainframe and micro-computers.
3. Mainframe Computers - A mainframe computer is a powerful, large-scale computer system used by enterprises and governments for critical, high-volume tasks like bulk data processing, transaction processing, and enterprise resource planning (ERP). Known for their high reliability, security, and ability to handle massive workloads simultaneously, mainframes act as central hubs for major organizations.
For eg.: IBM 360/370.
4. Super Computers - A supercomputer is an exceptionally powerful, specialized computer designed to perform complex calculations and process massive amounts of data at incredibly high speeds, surpassing the capabilities of general-purpose computers by orders of magnitude. They achieve their power through a configuration of specialized hardware, a high-speed network connecting multiple compute nodes, and advanced parallel processing techniques. A Super Computer is mainly used in research related work such as weather forecasting, nuclear tests, space operations.
For eg.: Cray 1, Tejas etc.
